Stuart Allan

My co-editor Einar Thorsen and I are delighted to share the news that volume 3 of Citizen Journalism: Global Perspectives has been published. It appears in the book series Global Crises and the Media (Simon Cottle, series editor) with Peter Lang in New York.

We are most grateful to our excellent contributors, with whom it was a pleasure to produce a lively, incisive intervention into current debates about citizen journalism and its wider significance.

Table of Contents

• Introduction
  • Stuart Allan

Section One: Definitional Boundaries of Citizen Journalism

• Emerging Media and Citizen Journalism: Considering How New Technology May Transform News Engagement
  • John V. Pavlik

• Between Activism, journalism, and the Public: The Continuing Boundary Work of Citizen Journalism
  • Bolette B. Blaagaard

• Interlopers, Interloping: Practitioners and Practices of Boundary-Crossing Journalism
  • Scott A. Eldridge II

• The New News Photo: Citizen Journalism and the Changing Visual Newsscape
  • Tara Marie Mortensen, Brian McDermott, and Bob Wertz

• Use of Citizen-generated Content in the News and Its Influence on Audience Trust and News Engagement
  • Jisu Kim and Jisu Huh

• Citizen Witnessing and Sports Journalism: Crisis, Cruelty, and Whistleblowing
  • Simon McEnnis

Section Two: War, Conflict and Crisis

• Voices Amid Conflict: The Emergence and Impact of Citizen Journalism in Palestine
  • Ibrahim Horoub

• From Local News to Tik Tok Postings in Wartime: Eyewitness Visuals in Digital News
  • Maria Nilsson

• Negotiating Journalistic Values and Roles in Response to ‘Anti-normative’ Citizen Images: The Case of ISIS’ ‘Terrorist Spectaculars’
  • Jelle Mast

• Between Witness and Combatant: The Role of Citizens in Reporting Platformed War
  • Florian Primig and Anna Litvinenko

• Redefining Citizen Journalism in Malaysia in the Wake of the COVID-19 Pandemic
  • Mastura Mahamed

• Theorizing Citizen Journalism and Authoritarian Regimes
  • Bruce Mutsvairo and Susana Salgado

Section Three: Protest and Resistance

• ‘More than a news outlet… a symbol of defiance’: How Women-led Websites Attempt to Change the Narrative Around Afghanistan and Promote Feminist/LGBTQ+ Agendas
  • Glenda Cooper

• Black Death “Gone Viral”: Black Journalists Reflect on Their Experiences with Citizen Journalists and Cellphone Footage
  • Denetra Walker

• Citizen Journalism and Social Mobilization: Alternative Media in Post-handover Hong Kong
  • Chi Kit CHAN

• Citizen Journalism on the Frontlines of Environmental Justice
  • Krishnan Vasudevan

• Çapul TV as a ‘Hybrid’ Alternative News Media in Turkey
  • Yasemin Mina Ulubelen

• Breaking the Silence: Toward Unhoused Citizen Journalism and Social Change
  • Vojtěch Dvořák

Section Four: Citizen Information, Evidence and Data

• Citizen Media Evidence in an Era of Misinformation and Disinformation: A Case Study of Nigeria
  • Adebayo Okeowo

• Emerging Voices: Analysing Proliferation of Digital Citizen Journalism Platforms
  • Job Mwaura and Prinola Govenden

• Non-Citizen Journalism and Counter-Information Practices: Exposing Detention Complexes and Citizenship Hierarchies
  • Arianna Grasso

• A Literacy Approach to Citizen Journalism in India
  • Subin Paul

• User-Generated Content or User-Generated Data?: A Critical Review of Citizen Online Participation
  • Marcelo Santos and Luján Román

• Crisis Citizen Journalism Research in the Post-API Age
  • Wendy Norris

List of Contributors

Index

I am very pleased to say the Special Issue I edited for Digital Journalism has been published:

Allan, S. (2025) ‘Visual war journalism,’ Introduction to Special Issue. Digital Journalism. Available here.

Abstract: This Introduction to the Special Issue (SI) begins by discussing several risks, threats and dangers visual war journalists may be compelled to confront when performing the vital role of bearing witness, including ten specific imperatives of mediation. It proceeds to elaborate the conception of “visual war journalism” guiding the SI’s rationale and priorities, in general, before turning to examining in closer detail varied aspects of how ongoing conflicts in Syria, Ukraine and Gaza are being documented in visual terms, often under harrowing circumstances. Next, this Introduction offers a brief overview of each of its eight articles. It is the SI’s aim to foster dialogue and debate about visual war journalism’s trajectories today so as to encourage alternative, critical thinking about future prospects.

My sincere gratitude to the Special Issue’s contributors, the referees involved in the peer-review process, as well as the journal’s editor, Oscar Westlund, and its production team.

Just in case you would like a free PDF of an article Tom Chivers and I co-wrote, “A public value typology for public service broadcasting in the UK,” published in Cultural Trends (Volume 33 Issue 2), it is now available here:

https://www.tandfonline.com/eprint/2ERZQ5DQFXAZRSPQDWPW/full?target=10.1080/09548963.2022.2151340

Abstract

Rapid changes in audience habits, media technologies and marketdynamics have prompted searching questions about the role andrelevance of public service broadcasting (PSB) in the moderndigital media landscape. In the UK, where cultural policymaking isincreasingly politicised, the normative ideals traditionallyassociated with PSB are being openly contested. This articleevaluates how PSB generates varied forms of“public value”ofbenefit to viewing and listening publics, policy stakeholders andthe creative sector. On the basis of its qualitative analysis ofpolicy documents and related research literatures over twodecades, a typology of six values–social, cultural, economic,industrial, representational and civic–is identified and critiquedacross regulatory and institutional frameworks. In assessing thechallenges, risks and opportunities for sustaining these publicvalues, this article offers its typology for informing cultural andmedia policy debates on the future of PSB in the UK and beyond.

Eva Nieto McAvoy and I are pleased to share an open access article, ‘Mediations of cultural policymaking during COVID-19: British newspaper reporting of the Culture Recovery Fund,’ published in the International Journal of Cultural Policy.

Abstract

At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, cultural policymaking frequently came to the fore in media debates about the impact of the crisis and measures to alleviate it. In this article, we present evidence of how newspaper coverage of the cultural and creative industries (CCIs) identified and framed competing perceptions of the relative utility of policymaking in this context, while also problematising familiar assumptions about the CCIs among policymakers, journalists and (arguably) the public. Specifically, we analysed British news and editorial items (n.4,162) published from 1 January 2020 to 31 December 2020. It offers a novel investigation into the ways in which media and policy rhetoric overlap, interact and influence each other. In doing so, this article contributes a unique perspective to the study and practice of cultural policy, bringing to light the typically underexplored role of the news media in shaping the narratives driving cultural policy deliberation and action.

Available to download for free at: https://doi.org10.1080/10286632.2023.2268648

Tom Chivers and I have written a new blogpost for the Creative Industries Policy & Evidence Centre regarding the UK government’s decision not to privatise Channel 4 after all. Please read it here:

https://pec.ac.uk/blog/re-imagining-channel-4s-future

I am very pleased to announce the second edition of The Routledge Companion to News and Journalism has been published.

Book description:

The Routledge Companion to News and Journalism brings together scholars committed to the conceptual and methodological development of news and journalism studies from around the world.

Across 50 chapters, organized thematically over seven sections, contributions examine a range of pressing challenges for news reporting – including digital convergence, mobile platforms, web analytics and datafication, social media polarization, and the use of drones. Journalism’s mediation of social issues is also explored, such as those pertaining to human rights, civic engagement, gender inequalities, the environmental crisis, and the Black Lives Matter movement. Each section raises important questions for academic research, generating fresh insights into journalistic forms, practices, and epistemologies. The Companion furthers our understanding of why we have ended up with the kind of news reporting we have today – its remarkable strengths, the difficulties it faces, and how we might improve upon it for tomorrow.

Completely revised and updated for its second edition, this volume is ideal for advanced undergraduates, postgraduates, researchers, and academics in the fields of news, media, and journalism studies.

Table of Contents

Introduction: The value(s) of truth-seeking in news and journalism

Stuart Allan

PART I Journalism and Democracy

1. News and the Public Sphere

C.W. Anderson

2. India’s Imperilled Public Sphere: Challenges to Independent Journalism in the World’s Largest Democracy

Kalyani Chadha

3. The Political Economy of Contemporary Journalism and the Crisis of Public Knowledge

Peter Golding and Graham Murdock

4. Journalism and Community Engagement as if Democracy Matters

Lana F. Rakow

5. The so-called “crisis” of trust in journalism

Rachel E. Moran

6. Journalists, Epistemology, and Authority

Matt Carlson

7. Social Roles of Journalism

Tim Vos

8. Bargaining with local journalism’s value

Kristy Hess and Lisa Waller

PART II Rewriting the Rules of Reporting

9. Journalism’s Multiple Gods: Objectivity, Its Variants, and Its Rivals

Michael Schudson

10. Newsroom cultures at risk? Journalism’s reliance on web metrics and analytics

Valérie Bélair-Gagnon and Avery E. Holton

11. The Changing Status of Women Journalists

Linda Steiner and Dinfin Mulupi

12. Digital Journalism in China: Media Convergence, the ‘Central Kitchen’ and the Platformization of News

Jing Meng and Shixin Ivy Zhang

13. Convergent Journalism: Cross-media content strategies to improve the quality of Thai news reporting

Sakulsri Srisaracam

14. Pop Up Newsrooms: From New Collaborations to Counter Narratives

Melissa Wall

15. Online trolling of journalists

Silvio Waisbord

PART III News, Mobilities and Data

16. Witnessing George Floyd: Tracing Black mobile journalism’s rise, impact and enduring questions

Allissa V. Richardson

17. Mobility, smartphones and news

Andrew Duffy and Oscar Westlund

18. Journalism and Data Justice: Critically Reporting Datafication

Arne Hintz, Emiliano Treré and Naomi Owen

19. Balancing between “statistical panic” and “statistical boredom”: News, numbers and narratives in the risk society

Brendan Lawson and An Nguyen

20. Hybrid journalism

Stephen D. Reese

21. Podcast journalism and performative transparency

Mia Lindgren

22. Drone journalism: the invisibility of the aerial view

Jonas Harvard

PART IV Crisis, Conflict and War Reporting

23. News reporting of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Perspectives from the Global South

Sara Chinnasamy and Felipe F. Salvosa II

24. Risk journalism and globalized crisis ecologies: Journalists as ‘cosmopolitan’ actors

Ingrid Volkmer

25. Video Journalism and Human Rights

Sandra Ristovska

26. Beyond verification: UGC as embodied testimony in conflict news

Lilie Chouliaraki and Omar Al-Ghazzi

27. The Ethics of War Reporting

Donald Matheson

28. News Reporting of Pakistan and the War on Terror

Shahzad Ali and Ahmer Safwan

29. Photojournalism and the US-led invasion of Afghanistan

Stuart Allan

PART V Representing Realities

30. Journalism and Environmental Futures

Libby Lester

31. News reporting of poverty and inequality

Jairo Lugo-Ocando

32. Journalism and Gender Violence

Lisa Cuklanz

33. Women in Sports News: Challenges posed by the emergence of popular feminism

Erin Whiteside

34. Celebrity News Online: Changing Media, Actors, and Stories

Anne Jerslev and Mette Mortensen

35. Girls, News, and Public Cultures

Cynthia Carter and Kaitlynn Mendes

36. Socially Responsible Journalism: Diverse Responses to Polarisation

Laura Ahva

PART VI Envisioning Alternative Journalisms

37. News Audiences and the Challenges of Digital Citizenship

Chris Peters

38. Contextualizing Citizen Visual Journalism: Narrative and Testimony

Mary Angela Bock

39. Citizen Journalism, electoral conflict and peace-building processes in Kenya and Zimbabwe

Jacinta Maweu and Admire Mare

40. Journalism and counterpublics: Is journalism for all the people?

Bolette B. Blaagaard

41. News Literacy Practice in a Culture of Infodemic

Paul Mihailidis

42. Journalism and Ethnoracial Minorities

Sherry S. Yu and George L. Daniels

43. Teaching innovation and entrepreneurship. Journalism students as change agents?

Marcel Broersma and Jane B. Singer

PART VII Globalising Journalisms

44. Comparing journalistic cultures across nations

Folker Hanusch

45. Fringe Benefits: Weekly Magazines and Access Journalism in Japan

David McNeill and Kaori Hayashi

46. Arab Investigative Journalism: Exploring Processes of Cultural Change

Saba Bebawi

47. Theorizing Journalism and the Global South

Bruce Mutsvairo and Kristin Skare Orgeret

48. Mapping anti-press violence in Latin America: Prospects for reform

Mireya Márquez-Ramírez

49. Devalued News Workers in the Labor of International Journalism: Local Stringers and Fixers

Lyndsay Palmer

50. Digital journalistic cultures on social media

Claudia Mellado

Index

Tom Chivers and I are pleased to share a new article published in the peer-reviewed journal Cultural Trends:

Chivers, T. and Allan, S. (2022) ‘A public value typology for public service broadcasting in the UK,’ Cultural Trends. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/09548963.2022.2151340

Abstract: Rapid changes in audience habits, media technologies and market dynamics have prompted searching questions about the role and relevance of public service broadcasting (PSB) in the modern digital media landscape. In the UK, where cultural policymaking is increasingly politicised, the normative ideals traditionally associated with PSB are being openly contested. This article evaluates how PSB generates varied forms of “public value” of benefit to viewing and listening publics, policy stakeholders and the creative sector. On the basis of its qualitative analysis of policy documents and related research literatures over two decades, a typology of six values – social, cultural, economic, industrial, representational and civic – is identified and critiqued across regulatory and institutional frameworks. In assessing the challenges, risks and opportunities for sustaining these public values, this article offers its typology for informing cultural and media policy debates on the future of PSB in the UK and beyond.

Any problems accessing it, please let me know.

Just over a year ago, Tom Chivers and I co-wrote a submission of written evidence in response to the ‘Consultation on a change of ownership of Channel 4 Television Corporation,’ Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport (14 September, 2021). This DCMS consultation called for views and evidence on the potential change of ownership of Channel 4 Television Corporation.

Our submission is now in the public domain via the Creative Industries Policy and Evidence Centre (Nesta, London). Any and all comments welcome!

Pleased to share with you Eva Nieto McAvoy‘s and my study, ‘Assessing the impact of COVID-19 on the arts and cultural sector: British newspaper reporting of the Culture Recovery Fund,’ published by the AHRC-funded Creative Industries Policy and Evidence Centre (London: Nesta).

Here is the abstract:

This Discussion Paper presents the findings of a study examining British
newspaper coverage of the COVID-19 pandemic’s impact on the cultural and
creative industries (CCIs) from 1 January to 31 December 2020 (n.4,162). It
assesses the broad contours of this coverage before focusing on a pivotal week
– 3 to 10 July – where we find the highest concentration of items reporting on
the Culture Recovery Fund (CRF) and on freelancers in the arts and cultural
sector (n.215). We explore the following questions: (1) how are issues central to
the Culture Recovery Fund and freelancers framed / represented in the
coverage? (2) How is the government response to the crisis in the cultural and
creative industries characterised and responsibility attributed?; (3) what actors
(sectors, institutions, locations) are present in the coverage, which ones are the
key sources, and how are their views represented? We found that the framing of
the issues in news items mostly offered narrow parameters of discussion, proving
overly reliant upon official press releases, and affording space to a limited range
of voices.

Available for free here. All comments and suggestions welcome!